Tree Plantation

Man has been firmly related with the nature since the down of human advancement. Nature is useful for every single individual. Nature overflows with trees. Trees are probably the best endowment of nature. As the progress continues towards improvement, significant nature resources are additionally getting harmed step by step. So it is the simplicity with trees. Presently the biological parity is appropriated and the life gets troublesome. Our life and presence on earth enormously relies upon trees. So we should plant trees through a presence undertaking and keep up our environmental equalization smooth. The as a matter of first importance thing we get from trees is oxygen. We breathe in oxygen from air, which are given by trees. Trees keep up the atmosphere and the climate of a nation. They help causing precipitation and spare our nation from annihilation. Trees spare our territory from disintegration and make it ripe. We get our significant food creation from trees we get our attire material from trees. We likewise make some form materials from trees. Rustic houses are chiefly made by trees in a roundabout way. We get furniture from trees which are given by trees. Other than we get numerous sorts of prescriptions from trees. In genuine sense trees give us numerous things that we can not tally. In a matter of incredible lament the demolition of trees is regular in Bangladesh. Our kin cut trees aimlessly. We use plants in the period of scarcity yet we can not plant more, which is enormously required for presence. Trees are the crude material of numerous businesses, so it is broadly utilized. Individuals use trees as fuel in their kitchen, block fields. They additionally slice them to make new houses. It is an extraordinary danger to our solid air and our condition. The proportion of cutting and planting trees is a lot of various. We cut all the more yet plant less. We need to plant increasingly more to keep ourselves from cataclysmic events. Tress can be planted practically all the year yet blustery season is the proper opportunity to plant trees. Each and everyone ought to be cognizant about that utility of trees and should partake in tree estate. Where we get empty places in our home, office, schools, universities, medical clinics we should plant them. Or on the other hand we can plant them on the sides of the streets or any accessible spaces so as to give conceal. There are such huge numbers of nurseries where we can get different sorts of trees and seeds at the very least expense. It is confident that our administration dispatches tree manor endeavor and mastermind tree estate week in a year. Our assembled exertion can make their program effective. The center east nations satisfy their prerequisite of natural product, food and vegetables bringing in them from Bangladesh. We likewise procure a great deal of remote trade by sending out barks venoms of snakes, some restorative natural products from our woodland. The trees are our long lasting companion and become an integral part in our national life. It is our weight obligation and duty to plant trees manor as well as appropriate consideration ought to be guaranteed. At last tree manor is a most for our own advancement.

Community Engagement And Development Programs †Free Samples

Question: Talk about the Community Engagement And Development Programs. Answer: Thinking about self The people group programs are as a rule oversaw by non-government associations. These associations are non-benefit making associations which are overseen on a neighborhood or universal premise and comprises of willful people who oversee them. During my locale administration program in my association and cooperations with the truly crippled individuals, we had various associations. We invested so much energy helping them accomplish their work, helping them in their day by day lives and improving their life. I had various responses to various occasions. Network administration may appear to be an alternate work to various individuals taking into contemplations that toward the finish, all things considered, it is a deliberate help yet to me, it implied something else (Lough, 2014). It is constantly astute to accomplish something that prompts a superior situation for the individuals who are impaired. For the better part, it winds up giving them trust in their lives and has the feeling of having a place. The additionally feel inspired throughout everyday life and thus, they appreciate having individuals around them. Before I drew in myself in this network administration I had an alternate impression of the genuinely crippled. Having them around and helping them out was the best inclination that even changed my reasoning. This administration encouraged the advancement of various aptitudes which incorporates; practicality, the capacity to communicate with various individuals, overseeing time, initiative, hard working attitude, the capacity to connect and work with individuals who are genuinely unique in relation to me, client care and self-assurance among numerous others. The abilities included an incentive I would say and made me a superior individual. Then again, this network administration had its own difficulties that were separating the network administration from the other claim to fame of work. For my situation, it was constantly a test to adequately express the progressions that should be made in their day by day lives for a positive change (Milbourne, 2013). This is on the grounds that before rolling out any improvements there must be a thought on the impact to their lives and furthermore the impression it would give and how it would assist us with accomplishing the administrations program by conveying to the truly crippled and completely fulfilling them. Given that the administration program had a time span that was restricted, it was additionally a test to fix in all the necessary upgrades to improve administration conveyance. Fundamentally, I can say that the administration program was restricted to execution time in this manner making it a test to me to join all the vital changes in the individual territories (Maughan, 2014. ). Considering the association The association had a few qualities, shortcomings, openings and furthermore dangers. Qualities The Northside Connected Care Community association upgraded singular scholarly limit on the more elevated level, subsequently, improving and encouraging its turn of events, it likewise maintained the historical backdrop of joint effort which improved fellowship through dealing with the individuals who are incapacitated, in filled in as an involvement with network advancement programs consequently setting a genuine model on how such projects should function, it turned into the pride in its neighborhood, hence, improving network advancement other than development and furthermore acquired solidarity to the neighboring network a similar way. Shortcomings Network advancement programs need a ton of time to be satisfied and this was one major shortcoming that the association had since it requires a great deal of cash and the particular asset for its achievement, in this way, being a weight toward the Northside Connected Care Community. This made the Northside Connected Care Community rely exceptionally upon budgetary help from outside sources (Groves, 2013.). This association likewise experienced troublesome adjusting of administrations to the network because of the way that various individuals have an alternate incapacity with various power, in this way, they require diverse assistance. Accordingly, this realized the distinction in support of their privileges and furthermore the administrations to be delighted in by the crippled individuals. The Northside Connected Care Community made some hard memories to assess authentic accomplices and funders, it likewise had a major test for the volunteers in the network improvement program; this being a deliberate assistance, it requires individuals who are focused on helping the handicapped and having as a top priority that there is no compensation for the work, insufficient individuals were prepared to work for the association. Openings It filled in as a strainer in the network to consistently place the perfect individuals in the ideal spot. This was fundamentally guaranteed through taking individuals who are focused on network administration as volunteers to the network improvement associations, in this manner, offering quality support and helping the association to accomplish its drawn out objectives. Being the best network advancement based association, it made regard for the inward and outside guests, in this manner, expanding the rating as per the sponsorship of the network improvement administration (O'Grady, 2014.). The Northside Connected Care Community depends on the network administration, had an entrepreneurial second to impact the particular arrangements. Dangers The association will sooner or later need to do the local arranging so as to upgrade advancement in its activities and this will be a danger to the network. Pack brutality among youth is one of the ends that the association needs to take a shot at yet it goes to be a danger to its tasks since there is no association among incapacity and group viciousness. In keeping up the network administration, there must be a proportion of vicinity where the network should decide on the achievement of the association, hence, the association is in question whenever decided by its shortcomings (Min, 2014.). Thinking about chipping in Chipping in is perhaps the best choice that I have ever constructed in all my years. It changes an individual existence as for the encounters and the difficulties met in the line of obligation. For the better part, it is compensating in that subsequent to making a few achievements, you will consistently feel fulfilled genuinely regardless of the way that the administrations are not paid for. This charitable effort encouraged my self-improvement; by taking part in various administrations, various aptitudes are obtained in that procedure which encourages self-awareness. This kind of deliberate work additionally encourages and upgrades confidence and fortitude with the various difficulties experienced in the network administration. The passionate contribution that is was accomplished through close to home communications with the debilitated helped me to continue my enthusiastic association with people (Williams, 2014.). Chipping in additionally furnished me with wellbeing enhancements b enefits; participating in physical action and uplifting standpoint encouraged a wellbeing dependability in my body, being engaged with various exercises helped my brain to unwind and diminished my worry also. Last reflection Chipping in positively affected me. It made me gain certainty on myself; seeing that I was a piece of a major network administration program turned into the best inclination in my life and seeing that everything that I was doing was the commitment towards the accomplishment of the program caused me to feel fruitful as well and I picked up trust in everything that I do. This has encouraged my own life achievement and beneficial things occur because of individual certainty (Osborne, 2013.). The administration program has given me a feeling of having a place and has encouraged in taking in the new aptitudes from the charitable effort. Having any kind of effect has likewise been the best piece of the effect since I see my work and furthermore assess the progressions that I have made while in the program lastly they are a guide to different volunteers. The greatest effect that I got from chipping in was testing myself; I needed to set new objectives that I took a shot at accomplishing. Th is was after I saw that I can change the life of someone else and I chose to challenge myself (waterman, 2014). References Forests, L. a. H. R. e., 2013. Comprehensive guide: Changing force and connections in worldwide turn of events. s.l. Routledge. Lough, B. S. M. M. A. a. X. X., 2014. a methodical audit of the impact of network treatment: sociology explore. s.l.:s.n. Maughan, D. M. A. R. J. a. B. T., 2014. A deliberate survey of the impact of network treatment arranges on administration use. In: Social psychiatry and mental the study of disease transmission, s.l.:s.n., pp. 49(4), pp.651-663. Milbourne, L., 2013. deliberate division experiencing significant change. s.l. arrangement press. Min, F. X. L. a. X. L. .., 2014. Examination of Community Health Service Development for Longgang District in Shenzhen. In: Chinese Primary Health Care, 11, s.l.:s.n., p. pg .010. O'Grady, C. e., 2014. Incorporating administration learning and multicultural training in schools and colleges.. s.l.: Routledge. Osborne, S., 2013. Deliberate associations and advancement in broad daylight administrations. s.l. Routledge. Park, T. a. S. J., 2013. Turnover rates and hierarchical execution: a meta-examination.. s.l.:s.n. waterman, A. S., 2014. administration learning: applications from the examination. s.l. ROUTLEDGE. Williams, S., 2014. The Role of the Black Panther Party Social Service Programs in Community Organizing.. s.l.: Sociology.

Raise Your Writing That Extra Notch

Raise Your Writing That Extra Notch No matter what we write, we want our readers to take value away from the experience of reading our words. That value can come from a well-defined argument, a descriptive narration that inspires, a clearer understanding of a process, or a precise sense of a comparison or contrast. Sometimes, however, your writing can miss the sharpness of expression that you sought when you started the project. The text seems disjointed or not clear enough. Youre disappointed. You know you could have said more, but you dont know just how to do it. You dont understand why the finished product doesnt live up to your expectations of it. The key to finding greater writer satisfaction is to raise your writing a notch, so your words will better express the idea you have chosen.How do you raise your writing that extra notch? What techniques can you use to make your writing better and more communicative? There are three techniques that work well:Including appropriate illustrations and examplesExpanding your d iscussion/argumentNarrowing your subject/topic focusLets look at the last of these techniques first. At first glance, you wouldnt think that narrowing a topic would help you to raise your writing to a higher level, but it does. Focus is important to good writing, and focus starts at the beginning when you organize the work. It is particularly important to base your writing focus on its planned length. You need to be very aware of how many words/pages you have available to make your point. Are you writing a short essay, a long research paper, or a book? By narrowing the scope of your subject to fit the general length that is available, you will avoid the common problem of being too broad or wordy, or going off on a tangent without realizing it.Once you know you have 1,000 words, for example, to present your thesis, youll realize that you probably should limit yourself to 2-4 arguments to defend it. On the other hand, if you know you have 5,000 words to write a short story, you will d evelop the plot accordingly to determine how many characters you can introduce and the number of scenes you can use to tell the story.Focusing on your essay or your story before you start to write allows you to choose the best details early and then make sure theyre included the way you want them and in the right order. Youll raise your writing a notch because youll be using precision.Another valuable technique that can raise your writing a notch is to use related illustrations and examples. Both will add depth and breadth to your arguments and strength to your thesis statement. This technique adds practical details that can explain your argument points in all their aspects and illustrate your theory. Examples of such down-to-earth tools are quotations, case studies, literature summaries, statistics, visuals, graphics, interviews, observations, etc.Finally, learn how to expand your discussion/argument by carrying both to a higher level. Many times, a writer offers a wonderful argume nt or makes an excellent point related to his or her subject or thesis. Then the writer simply stops with that brilliant statement and does not expand it in any way. Ask yourself, What comes next? What does the statement mean? How does it relate to my thesis or the conclusion Im working toward? Its important to clarify or define a good point, so it doesnt get lost. The reader needs to see the development of an idea, so as to understand the relationship of that one idea to the whole paper. Its also important to present opposition or alternatives and discuss why either or both are useful or not so useful to an understanding of the thesis and its final rendition.For instance, when you present a quote, dont just present it and move on. Discuss the meaning of the quote. Put it in context, and relate it to other quotes and other parts of your discussion. In that way, the level of your writing is raised an additional intellectual notch and becomes more meaningful. Such expansion of thought presents alternative viewpoints and details that are valuable to drawing the final conclusions of either an argument or the entire paper. Using this technique raises the entire scope of the writing to another level. The reader will take away a more complete understanding of the entire document and your point of view as its author.Whether you are writing an essay or a research paper, composing a poem or a letter, documenting technical material, or developing a proposal, it is important to try to raise the level of your writing using the techniques presented here. Doing so will communicate the ideas that inspired you and raise your writing that important extra notch. You will be able to communicate your ideas in greater depth and with increased passion; both you as the writer and your reader as the listener will benefit enormously.

Elder And Child Abuse Children And The Elderly Essay

Elder and Child Abuse Trina Gaston Lurleen B Wallace-ADN Program Mrs. Joy Butler Mental Health Clinical Instructors September 21, 2016 Elder and Child Abuse Children and the elderly are a dependent demographic. Their dependence on their caregivers for sustenance makes them vulnerable to abuse. Abuse can manifest in two forms physical and non-physical abuse. While the victims of aggressive attacks are easily identifiable leading to appropriate actions taken against the culprits, the majority of abuse incidences are latent. Therefore, it is extremely important for nurses to key and discern those types of signs and symptoms presented as possible child/elderly abuse. The rate of elderly abuse is set to surpass child abuse cases given that the United States is an aging nation. The nursing faculty should leverage the resources available such as a checklist to help determine neglect and suspected abuse. The majority of cases of abuse go unreported owing to the inability or fear of the victims to report their situation. Different states have variation from the federal regulations regarding handling abuse cases. The nurses are central in the fight against dependent abuse. The nurses are advised to discard their prejudices. They tend to cloud the nurses’ perceptions from identifying people in need, as they will often not fit the general stereotypes of a victim. The majority of the abuse incidences are perpetrated by relatives of the victims. In children, the abusesShow MoreRelatedIs Patient Abuse Or Neglect Of Individuals Who Are Under The Care Of A Health Care Organization?1601 Words   |  7 Pagespatient abuse is the mistreatment or neglect of individuals who are under the care of a health care organization (Pozgar, 2013). In the United States, the vulnerable populations for this abuse are the elderly and children. Patient abuse is not only in an institutional setting, but also at home. The rise of elderly patients has increased in recent years due to the aging of the baby boomers. Currently, 13% of the population is over the age of 65 (NCEA, 2014). Many cases of elder abuse is causedRe ad MoreElder Abuse and Nursing Ethics1802 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Elder abuse and nursing ethics Introduction Given the aging of the population, elder abuse has become more a prevalent and a more serious issue in recent years. Every year, an estimated 4 million older Americans are victims of physical, psychological or other forms of abuse and neglect. Those statistics may not tell the whole story. For every case of elder abuse and neglect reported to authorities, experts estimate as many as 23 cases go undetected (Elder abuse and neglect, 2013, APA report:Read MoreComparing Elder Care Between The West And The East1153 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay will make an attempt to look at the differences in elder care between the west and the east. 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The reason the number of reports on elder abuse has gone up so rapidly in the past decade is because the number ofRead MoreAging Is A Biological And Social Process1413 Words   |  6 Pagesof the elderly also differs dramatically across cultures. It is well documented that a great majority of Eastern societies identify old age as the epicenter for wisdom which means that they look after their elderly residents much better than many Western societies would. In 2013, China passed the â€Å"Elderly Rights Law† which tells adult children that they should never neglect or snub elderly people and visit â€Å"oftenâ⠂¬  even if they live some distance away from their parents. If adult children don’t complyRead MoreOld But Must Not Be Neglected1101 Words   |  5 PagesOld But Must Not Be Neglected The frail, tiny elder was discovered shivering and with sodden clothes in the impoverished Suizhong County, China. When the volunteers from the aid station found her, she hadn’t eaten for days, and lived in the corner of the street. She was ill, hungry and disheartened after her adult children refused to take care of her vulnerable mother. Mrs. Han lived her lives in blessed calmness with her family including her husband, two sons, three daughters and eight grandchildrenRead MoreElderly Abuse Prevention, Identification And Treatment Act1646 Words   |  7 Pages Elderly abuse Each year thousands of individuals are abused and neglected including elderly persons. Many have stated that because of their age, frailness leaves them vulnerable to society. The majority depends on their caregiver to meet their basic need because they cannot help themselves. According to the 1985 Elder Abuse Prevention, Identification and Treatment Act, elderly abuse is defined as â€Å"willful infliction of injury, unreasonable confinement, intimidation or cruel punishment withRead MoreThe Issue Of Elder Abuse And Neglect1455 Words   |  6 PagesThe issue of elder abuse and neglect is a significant health care issue, that need to be brought to the attention of society. Seniors who stay at home or in nursing homes are at more risk. Nurses should be aware of the signs and symptoms as well as resources in the community. By having a better understanding of these issues, nurses can recognize problems and help prevent the devastating effects of elderly abuse. Every elderly deserved the right to be treated with respect and protect from all typeRead MoreElderly Abuse And Domestic Violence918 Words   |  4 PagesElderly abuse is more and more becoming recognized, whereas before child abuse and domestic violence was way more viewed before elderly abuse (1). This epidemic problem has grown tremendously (1). Elderly abuse is when an older adult is being distress due to another causing deliberate harm to that person (1). Your rarely hear on the news about elderly abuse, but unfortunately elder abuse are increasing (2). The government has concern about this and is working on action on elder abuse they foundRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Domestic Violence Essay1670 Words   |  7 PagesIn this paper I will be addressing the correlation that is between substance abuse and domestic violence. There are many factors that play a role in why domestic violence occurs in a home; this paper will be focusing on the factor of drug abuse in particularly. Early on in the course we learned that domestic violence does not only pertain to intimate partner violence but also to child abuse, elder abuse, and any other abuse of a person that occurs with inside the home. I will be providing research

Annotated Bibliography On Affordable Care Act - 923 Words

Annotated Bibliography Angell, Marcia. Obamacare Confronts a Fiscal Crisis: Why The Affordable Care Act Doesn’t Add Up. New Labor Forum (Sage Publications Inc.) 22.1 (2013): 44-46. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Oct. 2016. In the journal, Marcia Angell – a faculty member of Harvard Medical School – argues that Affordable Care Act (ACA) doesn’t solve the problems of the American Healthcare system. Furthermore, she argues that the current program will unravel, slowly, but will eventually collapse. She believes the only cure for the American Health Care System is a single-payer healthcare system. Blackman, Josh. Obamacare On Life Support. National Review 68.17 (2016): 18-20. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Oct. 2016. In this article, Josh Blackman argues many points. His first point is that the healthcare law would never be successful because it didn’t have bipartisan support. If it had bipartisan support, there would have been more cooperation to help fix the problems with the program that appear. Next, he contributes the loss of insurance plans that some individuals experienced directly to the ACA. Finally, he blames the complete exit of some insurance companies from induvial states to the direct inflation of insurance premiums. Brady, Jenna. The Affordable Care Act: Creating Headaches Instead of Healing Them. University of Louisville Law Review 53.3 (2016): 627-650. Academic Search Complete. Web. 5 Oct. 2016. In this article, Jenna Brandy, aShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography : Robotic Surgical Training808 Words   |  4 PagesRunning Head: Annotated Bibliography Annotated Bibliography DHA 8032 Dewel Jamerson Dr. Wederski Annotated Bibliography Ben-Or, S., Nifong, W., Chitwood, W. (2013). Robotic Surgical Training. The Cancer Journal, 19(2), 120-123. This article is good and interesting because it talks about what surgeons go through to become proficient in using surgical robotics. The surgeons and the nurses have to learn to use visual cues when performing these surgeries since they do not haveRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography APA Format961 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Annotated Bibliography University of Maryland University College Annotated Bibliography Ghosh, C. (2013). Affordable Care Act: Strategies to Tame the Future.  Physician Executive,  39(6), 68-70. In this particular journal about the Affordable Care Act (ACA), the author Ghosh attempts to prove which areas of the medical sector will have the most impact. The research will show that the relationship between the newer technologies with improved electronic healthRead MoreHealthcare Administrator Of Insurance Industry : Director Integrated Health Management1456 Words   |  6 PagesIntegrated Health Management (DIHM). 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The Act included direct government spending in infrastructure, education, health, energy, federal tax incentives, expansion of unemployment benefits, and other social welfare provisions. The rationale for ARRA accordsRead MoreHealth Care Reform3217 Words   |  13 Pagespleased to present to you my final research paper on Health Care Reform: Moving Closer To A Solution, the topic for which was approved by you on November 8, 2007. I acquired most of my research material from the Parkland College Library, and internet sources found through the search engine, Google. There was a wealth of information available to use in order for me to write a convincing paper on the reasons for the need for health care reform and why universal coverage is an important goal for

The Twilight Saga 3 Eclipse Chapter 23. MONSTER Free Essays

WHEN I WOKE UP IN THE MORNING, IT WAS VERY bright – even inside the tent, the sunlight hurt my eyes. And I was sweating, as Jacob had predicted. Jacob was snoring lightly in my ear, his arms still wrapped around me. We will write a custom essay sample on The Twilight Saga 3: Eclipse Chapter 23. MONSTER or any similar topic only for you Order Now I pulled my head away from his feverishly warm chest and felt the sting of the cold morning on my clammy cheek. Jacob sighed in his sleep; his arms tightened unconsciously. I squirmed, unable to loosen his hold, struggling to lift my head enough to see. . . . Edward met my gaze evenly. His expression was calm, but the pain in his eyes was unconcealed. â€Å"Is it any warmer out there?† I whispered. â€Å"Yes. I don’t think the space heater will be necessary today.† I tried to get to the zipper, but I couldn’t free my arms. I strained, fighting against Jacob’s inert strength. Jacob muttered, still fast asleep, his arms constricting again. â€Å"Some help?† I asked quietly. Edward smiled. â€Å"Did you want me to take his arms all the way off?† â€Å"No, thank you. Just get me free. I’m going to get heat stroke.† Edward unzipped the sleeping bag in a swift, abrupt movement. Jacob fell out, his bare back hitting the icy floor of the tent. â€Å"Hey!† he complained, his eyes flying open. Instinctively, he flinched away from the cold, rolling onto me. I gasped as his weight knocked the breath out of me. And then his weight was gone. I felt the impact as Jacob flew into one of the tent poles and the tent shuddered. The growling erupted from all around. Edward was crouching in front of me, and I couldn’t see his face, but the snarls were ripping angrily out of his chest. Jacob was half-crouched, too, his whole body quivering, while growls rumbled through his clenched teeth. Outside the tent, Seth Clearwater’s vicious snarls echoed off the rocks. â€Å"Stop it, stop it!† I yelled, scrambling awkwardly to put myself between them. The space was so small that I didn’t have to stretch far to put one hand on each of their chests. Edward wrapped his hand around my waist, ready to yank me out of the way. â€Å"Stop it, now,† I warned him. Under my touch, Jacob began to calm himself. The shaking slowed, but his teeth were still bared, his eyes furiously focused on Edward. Seth continued to growl, a long unbroken sound, a violent background to the sudden silence in the tent. â€Å"Jacob?† I asked, waiting until he finally dropped his glare to look at me. â€Å"Are you hurt?† â€Å"Of course not!† he hissed. I turned to Edward. He was looking at me, his expression hard and angry. â€Å"That wasn’t nice. You should say sorry.† His eyes widened in disgust. â€Å"You must be joking – he was crushing you!† â€Å"Because you dumped him on the floor! He didn’t do it on purpose, and he didn’t hurt me.† Edward groaned, revolted. Slowly, he looked up to glare at Jacob with hostile eyes. â€Å"My apologies, dog.† â€Å"No harm done,† Jacob said, a taunting edge to his voice. It was still cold, though not as cold as it had been. I curled my arms around my chest. â€Å"Here,† Edward said, calm again. He took the parka off the floor and wrapped it over the top of my coat. â€Å"That’s Jacob’s,† I objected. â€Å"Jacob has a fur coat,† Edward hinted. â€Å"I’ll just use the sleeping bag again, if you don’t mind.† Jacob ignored him, climbing around us and sliding into the down bag. â€Å"I wasn’t quite ready to wake up. That wasn’t the best night’s sleep I ever had.† â€Å"It was your idea,† Edward said impassively. Jacob was curled up, his eyes already closed. He yawned. â€Å"I didn’t say it wasn’t the best night I’ve ever spent. Just that I didn’t get a lot of sleep. I thought Bella was never going to shut up.† I winced, wondering what might have come out of my mouth in my sleep. The possibilities were horrifying. â€Å"I’m glad you enjoyed yourself,† Edward murmured. Jacob’s dark eyes fluttered open. â€Å"Didn’t you have a nice night, then?† he asked, smug. â€Å"It wasn’t the worst night of my life.† â€Å"Did it make the top ten?† Jacob asked with perverse enjoyment. â€Å"Possibly.† Jacob smiled and closed his eyes. â€Å"But,† Edward went on, â€Å"if I had been able to take your place last night, it would not have made the top ten of the best nights of my life. Dream about that.† Jacob’s eyes opened into a glare. He sat up stiffly, his shoulders tense. â€Å"You know what? I think it’s too crowded in here.† â€Å"I couldn’t agree more.† I elbowed Edward in the ribs – probably giving myself a bruise. â€Å"Guess I’ll catch up on my sleep later, then.† Jacob made a face. â€Å"I need to talk to Sam anyway.† He rolled to his knees and grabbed the door’s zipper. Pain crackled down my spine and lodged in my stomach as I abruptly realized that this could be the last time I would see him. He was going back to Sam, back to fight the horde of bloodthirsty newborn vampires. â€Å"Jake, wait -† I reached after him, my hand sliding down his arm. He jerked his arm away before my fingers could find purchase. â€Å"Please, Jake? Won’t you stay?† â€Å"No.† The word was hard and cold. I knew my face gave away my pain, because he exhaled and half a smile softened his expression. â€Å"Don’t worry about me, Bells. I’ll be fine, just like I always am.† He forced a laugh. â€Å"‘Sides, you think I’m going to let Seth go in my place – have all the fun and steal all the glory? Right.† He snorted. â€Å"Be careful -â€Å" He shoved out of the tent before I could finish. â€Å"Give it a rest, Bella,† I heard him mutter as he re-zipped the door. I listened for the sound of his retreating footsteps, but it was perfectly still. No more wind. I could hear morning birdsong far away on the mountain, and nothing else. Jacob moved in silence now. I huddled in my coats, and leaned against Edward’s shoulder. We were quiet for a long time. â€Å"How much longer?† I asked. â€Å"Alice told Sam it should be an hour or so,† Edward said, soft and bleak. â€Å"We stay together. No matter what.† â€Å"No matter what,† he agreed, his eyes tight. â€Å"I know,† I said. â€Å"I’m terrified for them, too.† â€Å"They know how to handle themselves,† Edward assured me, purposely making his voice light. â€Å"I just hate missing the fun.† Again with the fun. My nostrils flared. He put his arm around my shoulder. â€Å"Don’t worry,† he urged, and then he kissed my forehead. As if there was any way to avoid that. â€Å"Sure, sure.† â€Å"Do you want me to distract you?† He breathed, running his cold fingers along my cheekbone. I shivered involuntarily; the morning was still frosty. â€Å"Maybe not right now,† he answered himself, pulling his hand away. â€Å"There are other ways to distract me.† â€Å"What would you like?† â€Å"You could tell me about your ten best nights,† I suggested. â€Å"I’m curious.† He laughed. â€Å"Try to guess.† I shook my head. â€Å"There’re too many nights I don’t know about. A century of them.† â€Å"I’ll narrow it down for you. All of my best nights have happened since I met you.† â€Å"Really?† â€Å"Yes, really – and by quite a wide margin, too.† I thought for a minute. â€Å"I can only think of mine,† I admitted. â€Å"They might be the same,† he encouraged. â€Å"Well, there was the first night. The night you stayed.† â€Å"Yes, that’s one of mine, too. Of course, you were unconscious for my favorite part.† â€Å"That’s right,† I remembered. â€Å"I was talking that night, too.† â€Å"Yes,† he agreed. My face got hot as I wondered again what I might have said while sleeping in Jacob’s arms. I couldn’t remember what I’d dreamed about, or if I’d dreamed at all, so that was no help. â€Å"What did I say last night?† I whispered more quietly than before. He shrugged instead of answering, and I winced. â€Å"That bad?† â€Å"Nothing too horrible,† he sighed. â€Å"Please tell me.† â€Å"Mostly you said my name, the same as usual.† â€Å"That’s not bad,† I agreed cautiously. â€Å"Near the end, though, you started mumbling some nonsense about ‘Jacob, my Jacob.'† I could hear the pain, even in the whisper. â€Å"Your Jacob enjoyed that quite a lot.† I stretched my neck up, straining to reach my lips to the edge of his jaw. I couldn’t see into his eyes. He was staring up at the ceiling of the tent. â€Å"Sorry,† I murmured. â€Å"That’s just the way I differentiate.† â€Å"Differentiate?† â€Å"Between Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Between the Jacob I like and the one who annoys the hell out of me,† I explained. â€Å"That makes sense.† He sounded slightly mollified. â€Å"Tell me another favorite night.† â€Å"Flying home from Italy.† He frowned. â€Å"Is that not one of yours?† I wondered. â€Å"No, it is one of mine, actually, but I’m surprised it’s on your list. Weren’t you under the ludicrous impression I was just acting from a guilty conscience, and I was going to bolt as soon as the plane doors opened?† â€Å"Yes.† I smiled. â€Å"But, still, you were there.† He kissed my hair. â€Å"You love me more than I deserve.† I laughed at the impossibility of that idea. â€Å"Next would be the night after Italy,† I continued. â€Å"Yes, that’s on the list. You were so funny.† â€Å"Funny?† I objected. â€Å"I had no idea your dreams were so vivid. It took me forever to convince you that you were awake.† â€Å"I’m still not sure,† I muttered. â€Å"You’ve always seemed more like a dream than reality. Tell me one of yours, now. Did I guess your first place?† â€Å"No – that would be two nights ago, when you finally agreed to marry me.† I made a face. â€Å"That doesn’t make your list?† I thought about the way he’d kissed me, the concession I’d gained, and changed my mind. â€Å"Yes . . . it does. But with reservations. I don’t understand why it’s so important to you. You already had me forever.† â€Å"A hundred years from now, when you’ve gained enough perspective to really appreciate the answer, I will explain it to you.† â€Å"I’ll remind you to explain – in a hundred years.† â€Å"Are you warm enough?† he asked suddenly. â€Å"I’m fine,† I assured him. â€Å"Why?† Before he could answer, the silence outside the tent was ripped apart by an earsplitting howl of pain. The sound ricocheted off the bare rock face of the mountain and filled the air so that it seared from every direction. The howl tore through my mind like a tornado, both strange and familiar. Strange because I’d never heard such a tortured cry before. Familiar because I knew the voice at once – I recognized the sound and understood the meaning as perfectly as if I’d uttered it myself. It made no difference that Jacob was not human when he cried out. I needed no translation. Jacob was close. Jacob had heard every word we’d said. Jacob was in agony. The howl choked off into a peculiar gurgled sob, and then it was quiet again. I did not hear his silent escape, but I could feel it – I could feel the absence I had wrongly assumed before, the empty space he left behind. â€Å"Because your space heater has reached his limit,† Edward answered quietly. â€Å"Truce over,† he added, so low I couldn’t be sure that was really what he’d said. â€Å"Jacob was listening,† I whispered. It wasn’t a question. â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"You knew.† â€Å"Yes.† I stared at nothing, seeing nothing. â€Å"I never promised to fight fair,† he reminded me quietly. â€Å"And he deserves to know.† My head fell into my hands. â€Å"Are you angry with me?† he asked. â€Å"Not you,† I whispered. â€Å"I’m horrified at me.† â€Å"Don’t torment yourself,† he pleaded. â€Å"Yes,† I agreed bitterly. â€Å"I should save my energy to torment Jacob some more. I wouldn’t want to leave any part of him unharmed.† â€Å"He knew what he was doing.† â€Å"Do you think that matters?† I was blinking back tears, and this was easy to hear in my voice. â€Å"Do you think I care whether it’s fair or whether he was adequately warned? I’m hurting him. Every time I turn around, I’m hurting him again.† My voice was getting louder, more hysterical. â€Å"I’m a hideous person.† He wrapped his arms tightly around me. â€Å"No, you’re not.† â€Å"I am! What’s wrong with me?† I struggled against his arms, and he let them drop. â€Å"I have to go find him.† â€Å"Bella, he’s already miles away, and it’s cold.† â€Å"I don’t care. I can’t just sit here.† I shrugged off Jacob’s parka, shoved my feet into my boots, and crawled stiffly to the door; my legs felt numb. â€Å"I have to – I have to . . .† I didn’t know how to finishthe sentence, didn’t know what there was to do, but I unzipped the door anyway, and climbed out into the bright, icy morning. There was less snow than I would have thought after the fury of last night’s storm. Probably it had blown away rather than melted in the sun that now shone low in the southeast, glancing off the snow that lingered and stabbing at my unadjusted eyes. The air still had a bite to it, but it was dead calm and slowly becoming more seasonable as the sun rose higher. Seth Clearwater was curled up on a patch of dry pine needles in the shadow of a thick spruce, his head on his paws. His sand-colored fur was almost invisible against the dead needles, but I could see the bright snow reflect off his open eyes. He was staring at me with what I imagined was an accusation. I knew Edward was following me as I stumbled toward the trees. I couldn’t hear him, but the sun reflected off his skin in glittering rainbows that danced ahead of me. He didn’t reach out to stop me until I was several paces into the forest shadows. His hand caught my left wrist. He ignored it when I tried to yank myself free. â€Å"You can’t go after him. Not today. It’s almost time. And getting yourself lost wouldn’t help anyone, regardless.† I twisted my wrist, pulling uselessly. â€Å"I’m sorry, Bella,† he whispered. â€Å"I’m sorry I did that.† â€Å"You didn’t do anything. It’s my fault. I did this. I did everything wrong. I could have . . . When he . . . I shouldn’t have . . . I . . . I . . .† I was sobbing. â€Å"Bella, Bella.† His arms folded around me, and my tears soaked into his shirt. â€Å"I should have – told him – I should – have said -† What? What could have made this right? â€Å"He shouldn’t have – found out like this.† â€Å"Do you want me to see if I can bring him back, so that you can talk to him? There’s still a little time,† Edward murmured, hushed agony in his voice. I nodded into his chest, afraid to see his face. â€Å"Stay by the tent. I’ll be back soon.† His arms disappeared. He left so quickly that, in the second it took me to look up, he was already gone. I was alone. A new sob broke from my chest. I was hurting everyone today. Was there anything I touched that didn’t get spoiled? I didn’t know why it was hitting me so hard now. It wasn’t like I hadn’t known this was coming all along. But Jacob had never reacted so strongly – lost his bold overconfidence and shown the intensity of his pain. The sound of his agony still cut at me, somewhere deep in my chest. Right beside it was the other pain. Pain for feeling pain over Jacob. Pain for hurting Edward, too. For not being able to watch Jacob go with composure, knowing that it was the right thing, the only way. I was selfish, I was hurtful. I tortured the ones I loved. I was like Cathy, like Wuthering Heights, only my options were so much better than hers, neither one evil, neither one weak. And here I sat, crying about it, not doing anything productive to make it right. Just like Cathy. I couldn’t allow what hurt me to influence my decisions anymore. It was too little, much too late, but I had to do what was right now. Maybe it was already done for me. Maybe Edward would not be able to bring him back. And then I would accept that and get on with my life. Edward would never see me shed another tear for Jacob Black. There would be no more tears. I wiped the last of them away with cold fingers now. But if Edward did return with Jacob, that was it. I had to tell him to go away and never come back. Why was that so hard? So very much more difficult than saying goodbye to my other friends, to Angela, to Mike? Why did that hurt? It wasn’t right. That shouldn’t be able to hurt me. I had what I wanted. I couldn’t have them both, because Jacob could not be just my friend. It was time to give up wishing for that. How ridiculously greedy could any one person be? I had to get over this irrational feeling that Jacob belonged in my life. He couldn’t belong with me, could not be my Jacob, when I belonged to someone else. I walked slowly back to the little clearing, my feet dragging. When I broke into the open space, blinking against the sharp light, I threw one quick glance toward Seth – he hadn’t moved from his bed of pine needles – and then looked away, avoiding his eyes. I could feel that my hair was wild, twisted into clumps like Medusa’s snakes. I yanked through it with my fingers, and then gave up quickly. Who cared what I looked like, anyway? I grabbed the canteen hanging beside the tent door and shook it. It sloshed wetly, so I unscrewed the lid and took a swig to rinse my mouth with the ice water. There was food somewhere nearby, but I didn’t feel hungry enough to look for it. I started pacing across the bright little space, feeling Seth’s eyes on me the whole time. Because I wouldn’t look at him, in my head he became the boy again, rather than the gigantic wolf. So much like a younger Jacob. I wanted to ask Seth to bark or give some other sign if Jacob was coming back, but I stopped myself. It didn’t matter if Jacob came back. It might be easier if he didn’t. I wished I had some way to call Edward. Seth whined at that moment, and got to his feet. â€Å"What is it?† I asked him stupidly. He ignored me, trotting to the edge of the trees, and pointing his nose toward the west. He began whimpering. â€Å"Is it the others, Seth?† I demanded. â€Å"In the clearing?† He looked at me and yelped softly once, and then turned his nose alertly back to the west. His ears laid back and he whined again. Why was I such a fool? What was I thinking, sending Edward away? How was I supposed to know what was going on? I didn’t speak wolf. A cold trickle of fear began to ooze down my spine. What if the time had run out? What if Jacob and Edward got too close? What if Edward decided to join in the fight? The icy fear pooled inmy stomach. What if Seth’s distress had nothing to do with the clearing, and his yelp had been a denial? What if Jacob and Edward were fighting with each other, far away somewhere in the forest? They wouldn’t do that, would they? With sudden, chilling certainty I realized that they would – if the wrong words were said. I thought of the tense standoff in the tent this morning, and I wondered if I’d underestimated how close it had come to a fight. It would be no more than I deserved if I somehow lost them both. The ice locked around my heart. Before I could collapse with fear, Seth grumbled slightly, deep in his chest, and then turned away from his watch and sauntered back toward his resting place. It calmed me, but irritated me. Couldn’t he scratch a message in the dirt or something? The pacing was starting to make me sweat under all my layers. I threw my jacket into the tent, and then I went back to wearing a path across the center of the tiny break in the trees. Seth jumped to his feet again suddenly, the hackles on the back of his neck standing up stiffly. I looked around, but saw nothing. If Seth didn’t cut it out, I was going to throw a pinecone at him. He growled, a low warning sound, slinking back toward the western rim, and I rethought my impatience. â€Å"It’s just us, Seth,† Jacob called from a distance. I tried to explain to myself why my heart kicked into fourth gear when I heard him. It was just fear of what I was going to have to do now, that was all. I could not allow myself to be relieved that he’d come back. That would be the opposite of helpful. Edward walked into view first, his face blank and smooth. When he stepped out from the shadows, the sun shimmered on his skin like it did on the snow. Seth went to greet him, looking intently into his eyes. Edward nodded slowly, and worry creased his forehead. â€Å"Yes, that’s all we need,† he muttered to himself before addressing the big wolf. â€Å"I suppose we shouldn’t be surprised. But the timing is going to be very close. Please have Sam ask Alice to try to nail the schedule down better.† Seth dipped his head once, and I wished I was able to growl. Sure, he could nod now. I turned my head, annoyed, and realized that Jacob was there. He had his back to me, facing the way he’d come. I waited warily for him to turn around. â€Å"Bella,† Edward murmured, suddenly right beside me. He stared down at me with nothing but concern showing in his eyes. There was no end to his generosity. I deserved him now less than I ever had. â€Å"There’s a bit of a complication,† he told me, his voice carefully unworried. â€Å"I’m going to take Seth a little ways away and try to straighten it out. I won’t go far, but I won’t listen, either. I know you don’t want an audience, no matter which way you decide to go.† Only at the very end did the pain break into his voice. I had to never hurt him again. That would be my mission in life. Never again would I be the reason for this look to come into his eyes. I was too upset to even ask him what the new problem was. I didn’t need anything else right now. â€Å"Hurry back,† I whispered. He kissed me lightly on the lips, and then disappeared into the forest with Seth at his side. Jacob was still in the shadow of the trees; I couldn’t see his expression clearly. â€Å"I’m in a hurry, Bella,† he said in a dull voice. â€Å"Why don’t you get it over with?† I swallowed, my throat suddenly so dry I wasn’t sure if I could make sound come out. â€Å"Just say the words, and be done with it.† I took a deep breath. â€Å"I’m sorry I’m such a rotten person,† I whispered. â€Å"I’m sorry I’ve been so selfish. I wish I’d never met you, so I couldn’t hurt you the way I have. I won’t do it anymore, I promise. I’ll stay far away from you. I’ll move out of the state. You won’t have to look at me ever again.† â€Å"That’s not much of an apology,† he said bitterly. I couldn’t make my voice louder than a whisper. â€Å"Tell me how to do it right.† â€Å"What if I don’t want you to go away? What if I’d rather you stayed, selfish or not? Don’t I get any say, if you’re trying to make things up to me?† â€Å"That won’t help anything, Jake. It was wrong to stay with you when we wanted such different things. It’s not going to get better. I’ll just keep hurting you. I don’t want to hurt you anymore. I hate it.† My voice broke. He sighed. â€Å"Stop. You don’t have to say anything else. I understand.† I wanted to tell him how much I would miss him, but I bit my tongue. That would not help anything, either. He stood quietly for a moment, staring at the ground, and I fought against the urge to go and put my arms around him. To comfort him. And then his head snapped up. â€Å"Well, you’re not the only one capable of self-sacrifice,† he said, his voice stronger. â€Å"Two can play at that game.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"I’ve behaved pretty badly myself. I’ve made this much harder for you than I needed to. I could have given up with good grace in the beginning. But I hurt you, too.† â€Å"This is my fault.† â€Å"I won’t let you claim all the blame here, Bella. Or all the glory either. I know how to redeem myself.† â€Å"What are you talking about?† I demanded. The sudden, frenzied light in his eyes frightened me. He glanced up at the sun and then smiled at me. â€Å"There’s a pretty serious fight brewing down there. I don’t think it will be that difficult to take myself out of the picture.† His words sank into my brain, slowly, one by one, and I couldn’t breathe. Despite all my intentions to cut Jacob out of mylife completely, I didn’t realize until that precise second exactly how deep the knife would have to go to do it. â€Å"Oh, no, Jake! No, no no no,† I choked out in horror. â€Å"No, Jake, no. Please, no.† My knees began to tremble. â€Å"What’s the difference, Bella? This will only make it more convenient for everyone. You won’t even have to move.† â€Å"No!† My voice got louder. â€Å"No, Jacob! I won’t let you!† â€Å"How will you stop me?† he taunted lightly, smiling to take the sting out of his tone. â€Å"Jacob, I’m begging you. Stay with me.† I would have fallen to my knees, if I could have moved at all. â€Å"For fifteen minutes while I miss a good brawl? So that you can run away from me as soon as you think I’m safe again? You’ve got to be kidding.† â€Å"I won’t run away. I’ve changed my mind. We’ll work something out, Jacob. There’s always a compromise. Don’t go!† â€Å"You’re lying.† â€Å"I’m not. You know what a terrible liar I am. Look in my eyes. I’ll stay if you do.† His face hardened. â€Å"And I can be your best man at the wedding?† It was a moment before I could speak, and still the only answer I could give him was, â€Å"Please.† â€Å"That’s what I thought,† he said, his face going calm again, but for the turbulent light in his eyes. â€Å"I love you, Bella,† he murmured. â€Å"I love you, Jacob,† I whispered brokenly. He smiled. â€Å"I know that better than you do.† He turned to walk away. â€Å"Anything,† I called after him in a strangled voice. â€Å"Anything you want, Jacob. Just don’t do this!† He paused, turning slowly. â€Å"I don’t really think you mean that.† â€Å"Stay,† I begged. He shook his head. â€Å"No, I’m going.† He paused, as if deciding something. â€Å"But I could leave it to fate.† â€Å"What do you mean?† I choked out. â€Å"I don’t have to do anything deliberate – I could just do my best for my pack and let what happens happen.† He shrugged. â€Å"If you could convince me you really did want me to come back – more than you wanted to do the selfless thing.† â€Å"How?† I asked. â€Å"You could ask me,† he suggested. â€Å"Come back,† I whispered. How could he doubt that I meant it? He shook his head, smiling again. â€Å"That’s not what I’m talking about.† It took me a second to grasp what he was saying, and all the while he was looking at me with this superior expression – so sure of my reaction. As soon as the realization hit, though, I blurted out the words without stopping to count the cost. â€Å"Will you kiss me, Jacob?† His eyes widened in surprise, then narrowed suspiciously. â€Å"You’re bluffing.† â€Å"Kiss me, Jacob. Kiss me, and then come back.† He hesitated in the shadow, warring with himself. He half-turned again to the west, his torso twisting away from me while his feet stayed planted where they were. Still looking away, he took one uncertain step in my direction, and then another. He swung his face around to look at me, his eyes doubtful. I stared back. I had no idea what expression was on my face. Jacob rocked back on his heels, and then lurched forward, closing the distance between us in three long strides. I knew he would take advantage of the situation. I expected it. I held very still – my eyes closed, my fingers curled into fists at my sides – as his hands caught my face and his lips found mine with an eagerness that was not far from violence. I could feel his anger as his mouth discovered my passive resistance. One hand moved to the nape of my neck, twisting into a fist around the roots of my hair. The other hand grabbed roughly at my shoulder, shaking me, then dragging me to him. His hand continued down my arm, finding my wrist and pulling my arm up around his neck. I left it there, my hand still tightly balled up, unsure how far I could go in my desperation to keep him alive. All the while his lips, disconcertingly soft and warm, tried to force a response out of mine. As soon as he was sure I wouldn’t drop my arm, he freed my wrist, his hand feeling its way down to my waist. His burning hand found the skin at the small of my back, and he yanked me forward, bowing my body against his. His lips gave up on mine for a moment, but I knew he was nowhere close to finished. His mouth followed the line of my jaw, and then explored the length of my neck. He freed my hair, reaching for my other arm to draw it around his neck like the first. Then both of his arms were constricted around my waist, and his lips found my ear. â€Å"You can do better than this, Bella,† he whispered huskily. â€Å"You’re overthinking it.† I shivered as I felt his teeth graze my earlobe. â€Å"That’s right,† he murmured. â€Å"For once, just let yourself feel what you feel.† I shook my head mechanically until one of his hands wound back into my hair and stopped me. His voice turned acidic. â€Å"Are you sure you want me to come back? Or did you really want me to die?† Anger rocked through me like the whiplash after a heavy punch. That was too much – he wasn’t fighting fair. My arms were already around his neck, so I grabbed two fistfuls of his hair – ignoring the stabbing pain in my right hand – and fought back, struggling to pull my face away from his. And Jacob misunderstood. He was too strong to recognize that my hands, trying to yank his hair out by the roots, meant to cause him pain. Instead of anger, he imagined passion. He thought I was finally responding to him. With a wild gasp, he brought his mouth back to mine, his fingers clutching frantically against the skin at my waist. The jolt of anger unbalanced my tenuous hold on self-control; his unexpected, ecstatic response overthrew it entirely. If there had been only triumph, I might have been able to resist him. But the utter defenselessness of his sudden joy cracked my determination, disabled it. My brain disconnected from my body, and I was kissing him back. Against all reason, my lips were movingwith his in strange, confusing ways they’d never moved before – because I didn’t have to be careful with Jacob, and he certainly wasn’t being careful with me. My fingers tightened in his hair, but I was pulling him closer now. He was everywhere. The piercing sunlight turned my eyelids red, and the color fit, matched the heat. The heat was everywhere. I couldn’t see or hear or feel anything that wasn’t Jacob. The tiny piece of my brain that retained sanity screamed questions at me. Why wasn’t I stopping this? Worse than that, why couldn’t I find inmyself even the desire to want to stop? What did it mean that I didn’t want him to stop? That my hands clung to his shoulders, and liked that they were wide and strong? That his hands pulled me too tight against his body, and yet it was not tight enough for me? The questions were stupid, because I knew the answer: I’d been lying to myself. Jacob was right. He’d been right all along. He was more than just my friend. That’s why it was so impossible to tell him goodbye – because I was in love with him. Too. I loved him, much more than I should, and yet, still nowhere near enough. I was in love with him, but it was not enough to change anything; it was only enough to hurt us both more. To hurt him worse than I ever had. I didn’t care about more than that – than his pain. I more than deserved whatever pain this caused me. I hoped it was bad. I hoped I would really suffer. In this moment, it felt as though we were the same person. His pain had always been and would always be my pain – now his joy was my joy. I felt joy, too, and yet his happiness was somehow also pain. Almost tangible – it burned against my skin like acid, a slow torture. For one brief, never-ending second, an entirely different path expanded behind the lids of my tear-wet eyes. As if I were looking through the filter of Jacob’s thoughts, I could see exactly what I was going to give up, exactly what this new self-knowledge would not save me from losing. I could see Charlie and Rene mixed into a strange collage with Billy and Sam and La Push. I could see years passing, and meaning something as they passed, changing me. I could see the enormous red-brown wolf that I loved, always standing as protector if I needed him. For the tiniest fragment of that second, I saw the bobbing heads of two small, black-haired children, running away from me into the familiar forest. When they disappeared, they took the rest of the vision with them. And then, quite distinctly, I felt the splintering along the fissure line in my heart as the smaller part wrenched itself away from the whole. Jacob’s lips were still before mine were. I opened my eyes and he was staring at me with wonder and elation. â€Å"I have to leave,† he whispered. â€Å"No.† He smiled, pleased by my response. â€Å"I won’t be long,† he promised. â€Å"But one thing first . . .† He bent to kiss me again, and there was no reason to resist. What would be the point? This time was different. His hands were soft on my face and his warm lips were gentle, unexpectedly hesitant. It was brief, and very, very sweet. His arms curled around me, and he hugged me securely while he whispered in my ear. â€Å"That should have been our first kiss. Better late than never.† Against his chest, where he couldn’t see, the tears welled up and spilled over. How to cite The Twilight Saga 3: Eclipse Chapter 23. MONSTER, Essay examples

Othello Iago free essay sample

Othello, Iago # 8217 ; s Successful Infection Of The Moor Essay, Research Paper In the calamity Othello, by William Shakespeare the character traits and manners of both Iago and Othello are reverent to the secret plan and subjects of the drama. In Act III Scene three, the treatment between the two sing Desdemona # 8217 ; s fidelity illustrates Othello # 8217 ; s assurance in his relationships with both his married woman Desdemona and Iago. That same transition besides displays the delusory scruples of Iago, who is be aftering to take advantage of Othello # 8217 ; s trust. Othello in peculiar is the most celebrated illustration of William Shakespeare # 8217 ; s ability to organize characters like no 1 else. Combined with his imaginativeness, Shakespeare # 8217 ; s literary manner brings to life literature # 8217 ; s most complex tragic characters. Both the subject and secret plan of Othello revolve around the literary content in conversations like the one chosen. In Act III scene three, the audience is assured that Othello has arrant trust in both his married woman Desdemona and his good friend Iago because he speaks with such assurance in them. We will write a custom essay sample on Othello Iago or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Othello # 8217 ; s confident manner of address is an illustration of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s talented usage of tragic sarcasm. Through the usage of his confident linguistic communication Othello proclaims that his married woman # 8221 ; had eyes and take # 8221 ; ( 2135 ) him because she loved him. He boasts to Iago that these unfaithfulness intuitions are # 8221 ; exsufflicate and blowed # 8221 ; ( 2135 ) ; blown out of proportion. The issue of race surfaces when Shakespeare inserts a intimation of carnal imagination by holding the Moor comparison himself to a caprine animal. Earlier in the drama, Iago refers to Othello as a # 8221 ; black random-access memory # 8221 ; and at this point Othello himself suggests that he would simply be a # 8221 ; caprine animal # 8221 ; if Iago # 8217 ; s guess is true. The linguistic communication and manner of Othello # 8217 ; s address is so confident that one could construe it as being chesty. The linguistic communication of this addr ess is dry because accordingly Othello does lose his esthesia and is controlled by Iago as if he were merely as animate being. Historically speech production, Othello # 8217 ; s linguistic communication is dry because he is the # 8221 ; Moor # 8220 ; , and in Elizabethan England should be spoken to with such authorization. During this period in clip minorities had really small power and / or instruction and were given no regard at all by European society. Relative to the secret plan, this linguistic communication is dry because the almighty Moor Othello ends up falling at the custodies of Iago and other # 8221 ; white # 8221 ; Europeans. The calamity # 8217 ; s subject of green-eyed monster is foreshadowed throughout the context of Othello # 8217 ; s gallant address to Iago. Shakespeare # 8217 ; s stylistic usage of the literary device of repeat subtly surfaces the jealousy subject in the Moor # 8217 ; s context. The beginning of the transition illustrates Othello # 8217 ; s haughtiness when he proclaims that such # 8221 ; fresh intuitions # 8220 ; ( 2135 ) would neer do such a strong witted adult male as himself to go covetous. The 2nd clip Othello references green-eyed monster he does so in a humourous context by inquiring Iago if he should experience covetous about holding such an outgoing married woman. This comes back to seize with teeth Othello because his green-eyed monster of Cassio is fueled by Desdemona # 8217 ; s surpassing personality. The 3rd clip he mentions green-eyed monster, Othello foreshadows the terminal of his matrimony by stating # 8221 ; off at one time # 8221 ; ( 2135 ) upon ocular o r hearable truth of Desdemona # 8217 ; s unfaithfulness. Ironically his head and esthesia goes # 8221 ; off at one time # 8221 ; after Iago gives Othello # 8221 ; proof # 8221 ; that Desdemona has had an matter with Cassio. Othello believes Iago because after he states # 8221 ; And on the cogent evidence, there is no more but this: off at one time with love or green-eyed monster # 8221 ; ( 2135 ) it is high that that cogent evidence is Iago # 8217 ; s word. This trust in Iago proves to be one of Othello # 8217 ; s many tragic defects that accordingly lead him to his decease. One of the greatest scoundrels in literary history is Shakespeare # 8217 ; s Iago, from Othello. Iago is the most complex adversary that Shakespeare # 8217 ; s imaginativeness has formulated. Iago is a downright immorality, delusory, selfish adult male who cares merely for his ain personal retaliation and satisfaction. After being passed over by Othello for the immature, inexperient Cassio, Iago seeks a bloody retaliation. To Iago # 8217 ; s advantage he was known by everyone in Venice including Othello, as an honest adult male who cared much about the good will of his friends. In the given transition from Act III, Scene three, Iago # 8217 ; s delusory character traits softly add to the T haem and secret plan of the calamity. He pretends to be the † Honest Iago † that Othello knows him as by giving Othello respectful warnings about Desdemona. A good illustration of this fawning is when Iago states that he feels that he is † bound † to state Othello about the atrocious matter that he suspects. This full transition sets the phase for the Iago’s evil confederacy against Othello. Iago knows that Othello trusts him and it is that trust which Iago is traveling to utilize to his advantage. Iago says things like † I shall hold ground to demo the love and responsibility that I bear you with franker spirit † to be certain that Othello trusts in his every word. This fawning technique used by Iago in this transition proves successful because shortly thenceforth Othello does believe in every word that Iago says about his married woman. Iago takes entire control over Othello’s head by enticing him with his words and utilizing the co mponent of trust to his advantage. In this peculiar transition, the manner of Iago # 8217 ; s address is really cautious. He is really careful in what he says to the Moor and he is certain to neer do a error. This full address in Act III rolls swimmingly from his lingua as he begs his beloved friend to # 8221 ; look to your married woman, Observe her well with Cassio # 8221 ; ( 2136 ) . This is smartly done because it forces Othello to conceive of in his ain head the atrocious idea of his darling married woman in bed with another adult male. Intelligently, Iago leaves the possibility of Desdemona # 8217 ; s unfaithfulness unfastened to the head of Othello by turn outing to him that # 8221 ; They dare non demo their hubbies ; their best scruples is non to go forth # 8217 ; t undone, but keep # 8217 ; t unknown # 8221 ; ( 2136 ) . This is a elusive warning to Othello about the manner that many adult females of Venice work when they cheat. The ground Iago is so effectual is because he leaves Othello hanging with these wretched ideas. By inquiring Othello to be careful ; # 8221 ; non covetous nor unafraid # 8220 ; ( 2136 ) , Iago is antagonising Othello by engrafting images that he knows he will be able to pull strings and play with in the hereafter. This manner of address used by Iago is so convincing that it is even scaring at times. Consequently, Iago successfully manipulates the head of Othello and drives him huffy with green-eyed monster. The root of the dramas subject of green-eyed monster prevarications within the character of Iago. The drama revolves around his resentment towards Othello for being passed up. This go throughing up consequences in Iago falling into a covetous fury and going obsessed with retaliation. The given transition from Act III illustrates the compulsion Iago has with retribution because it reveals such a sophisticated component to the play. This transition is where Iago infects the head of Othello with covetous ideas. Although Othello is non yet convinced that Desdemona has cheated, he has now seen her commit an extramarital act with his imaginativeness. Iago uses this to slowly weaken Othello and to do him experience merely every bit covetous as he does. Any kind of ocular cogent evidence from this point on would be adequate to drive Othello into a barbarian fury. Ultimately Iago # 8217 ; s program is successful because he deceives Othello with false cogent evidence that drives Othello mad. The words in the transition are of import, but it is the careful manner of Iago # 8217 ; s address that finally extinguishes Iago # 8217 ; s threat Othello. The subject of green-eyed monster is displayed throughout William Shakespeare # 8217 ; s calamity Othello and is outstanding in the selected transition. The decease of Othello and the stabbing of Iago prove to Shakespeare # 8217 ; s audience that jealousy drives people to perpetrate both inhumane and unneeded Acts of the Apostless. The subject of green-eyed monster has been touched upon by many writers but was perfected by the artistic imaginativeness of Shakespeare. Iago # 8217 ; s evil, delusory character has been compared to that of the Snake in the Bible # 8217 ; s # 8221 ; Garden of Eden. # 8221 ; Like Iago in Othello, Satan is a covetous adversary who seeks retaliation in The Bible. Iago # 8217 ; s cautious, yet converting manner of address additions the trust of Othello merely like the Snake ( Satan ) additions the trust of Eve in The Garden of Eden. Following these conversations with the # 8221 ; devil # 8221 ; one can spot that the tragic defect of both Othello and Eve is their trusting in the # 8221 ; Satan. # 8221 ; Shakespeare, William. # 8221 ; Othello. # 8221 ; The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt, et Al. 1st Ed. Vol.1. New York: W.W. Norton A ; Company 1997. 2091-2174.

Misbehaved Savages in Lord of the Flies Essays

Misbehaved Savages in Lord of the Flies Essays Misbehaved Savages in Lord of the Flies Essay Misbehaved Savages in Lord of the Flies Essay Essay Topic: Lord Of the Flies In the novel Lord of the Flies, by William Golding, the boys change from well educated and behaved, to savages. This is all caused by actions on the island such as hunger, age, fear, and Jacks decisions. Jack is a selfish character and creates violent situations; as long as he has what he needs, he has no care about the others. In the beginning of the novel, Jack is a 12 year old boy who wants to become chief since he was the leader of his choir. As Jack leaves and starts his own tribe, Ralph and Piggy discuss what they thinkwhat is causing conflict on island. Piggy states, â€Å"I dunno, Ralph I expect its him. â€Å"Jack?† â€Å"Jack.† A taboo was evolving around that word too. Ralph nodded solemnly. â€Å"Yes, I suppose it must be† (140. Golding). This discussion between Piggy and Ralph portray the blame Jack has for causing all the chaos and problems on the island. Another conflict that occurs is when jack realizes that they have no way of lighting a fire without Piggys glasses. When they asked what they are going to do Jack replies, â€Å"We’ll raid them and take fire.† (136. Golding).Jack wants to be a rebel and take the fire from them, instead of doing the right thing and asking for some. As the novel ends, you can see that when Eric and Sam talk to Ralph the nove l states â€Å"Theyre going to hunt you tomorrow† (188. Golding).Portrays the savage attitude Jack and his tribe have become; from hunting pigs to human beings. Jack went from being a humble, british school boy to being a complete savage. The conch is a main symbol of the novel; the boys use it as a way of peacefully communicating, but instead creates violence. Such as when Jack and Ralph are debating on Jacks side of the island, as Ralph brings up the conch Jack replies, â€Å"the conch doesnt count at this end of the island.† (150. Golding).Jack is indirectly saying that order doesnt count. You can see the order doesnt count on the island when â€Å"The rock str

Research and Theory Behind the Sociology of Education

Research and Theory Behind the Sociology of Education The sociology of education is a diverse and vibrant subfield that features theory and research focused on how education as a social institution is affected by and affects other social institutions and the social structure overall, and how various social forces shape the policies, practices, and outcomes of schooling. While education is typically viewed in most societies as a pathway to personal development, success, and social mobility, and as a cornerstone of democracy, sociologists who study education take a critical view of these assumptions to study how the institution actually operates within society. They consider what other social functions education might have, like for example socialization into gender and class roles, and what other social outcomes contemporary educational institutions might produce, like reproducing class and racial hierarchies, among others. Theoretical Approaches within the Sociology of Education Classical French sociologist Émile Durkheim was one of the first sociologists to consider the social function of education. He believed that moral education was necessary for society to exist  because it provided the basis for the social solidarity that held society together. By writing about education in this way, Durkheim established the functionalist perspective on education. This perspective champions the work of socialization that takes place within the educational institution, including the teaching of society’s culture, including moral values, ethics, politics, religious beliefs, habits, and norms. According to this view, the socializing function of education also serves to promote social control  and to curb  deviant behavior. The symbolic interaction  approach to studying education focuses on interactions during the schooling process and the outcomes of those interactions. For instance, interactions between students and teachers, and social forces that shape those interactions like race, class, and gender, create expectations on both parts. Teachers expect certain behaviors from certain students, and those expectations, when communicated to students through interaction, can actually produce those very behaviors. This is called the â€Å"teacher expectancy effect.† For example, if a white teacher expects a black student to perform below average on a math test when compared to white students, over time the teacher may act in ways that encourage black students  to underperform. Stemming from Marxs theory of the relationship between workers and capitalism, the conflict theory approach to education examines the way educational institutions and the hierarchy of degree levels contribute to the reproduction of hierarchies and inequalities in society. This approach recognizes that schooling reflects  class, racial, and gender stratification, and tends to reproduce it. For example, sociologists have documented in many different settings how tracking of students based on class, race, and gender effectively sorts students into classes of laborers and managers/entrepreneurs, which reproduces the already existing class structure rather than producing social mobility. Sociologists who work from this perspective also assert that educational institutions and school curricula are products of the dominant worldviews, beliefs, and values of the majority, which typically produces educational experiences that marginalize and disadvantage those in the minority in terms of race, class, gender, sexuality, and ability, among other things. By operating in this fashion, the educational institution is involved in the  work of reproducing power, domination, oppression, and inequality within society.  It is for this reason that there have long been campaigns across the U.S. to include ethnic studies courses in middle schools and high schools, in order to balance a curriculum otherwise structured by a white, colonialist worldview. In fact, sociologists have found that providing ethnic studies courses to students of color who are on the brink of failing out or dropping out of high school effectively re-engages and inspires them, raises their overall grade point average and improves their academic performance overall. Notable Sociological Studies of Education Learning to Labour, 1977, by Paul Willis. An ethnographic study set in England focused on the reproduction of the working class within the school system.Preparing for Power: Americas Elite Boarding Schools, 1987, by Cookson and Persell. An ethnographic study set at elite boarding schools in the U.S. focused on the reproduction of the social and economic elite.Women Without Class: Girls, Race, and Identity, 2003, by Julie Bettie. An ethnographic study of how gender, race, and class intersect within the schooling experience to leave some without the cultural capital necessary for social mobility within society.Academic Profiling:  Latinos, Asian Americans, and the Achievement Gap, 2013, by Gilda Ochoa. An ethnographic study within a California high school of how race, class, and gender intersect to produce the achievement gap between Latinos and Asian Americans.

Religion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Religion - Essay Example Humans have, Acharya submits, formed their own beliefs (called probability belief in mathematics and science) about the set of unknowable elements of the universe. Â  They have branded their beliefs about the unknowable as religion. (2006: 2) Though religious beliefs differ from society to society as well as from one community to another, yet no human culture can be viewed as a society without religion. There exist countless religions in the world, but main faiths among them include three Abrahamic religions (i.e. Judaism, Christianity and Islam), Buddhism, Jainism, Confucianism, Hinduism and others. The present paper aims to focus its research on Judaism, Islam and Confucianism for the comparative study, so that their scholarly views could be drawn out in order to assess and estimate the commonalities and differences. The researcher personally interviewed one religious leader and two common men from the Jewish synagogues, Islamic mosques and Buddhist temples situated in Philadelphia, so that the true picture of the religions under study could be observed. The study has been focused on the status of racial discrimination and homosexuality in the three religious beliefs under study. i. Broad Vision: The term broad vision refers to the ideas, notions and views which are free from racial, ethnic, regional, religious and status prejudice or hatred. In the present study, the term simply means the opinions of the religious people which are free of narrow sightedness. ii. Religious Faiths: The term religious faiths simply refer to the sets of spiritual beliefs that describe the duties and obligations of the individuals towards their worshipper as well as spiritual mentor. iii. Dogmatists and Clergy: Dogmatist and clergy refer to the religious people who maintain solid and determined opinion about religious, social, political and cultural phenomena prevailing around them. The clergy are usually

Teaching Swallowing to Dysphagia Patients Research Paper

Teaching Swallowing to Dysphagia Patients - Research Paper Example Patient also experiences slothfulness when eating, or â€Å"pocketing† of food, and as such, takes various swallows in a lone mouthful of food; otherwise, there is an impediment in swallowing reaction or grasping food in mouth. Furthermore, she has impaired swallowing, with a history of tubing feeding, as evidenced by her dysphagia diet, a 1:1 feed and nectar liquids with no straw. In terms of cardiovascular assessment, pedal pulse is present with palpitation. Her Capillary Refill reveals a Blood return of > 3 sec. Her gastrointestinal assessment reveals weight loss within the past six months. Besides, she has undergone surgical procedures on her left hip replacement, right hip pinning after a fracture; she has a history of left rotator cuff repair and venous ligation in the past. Chest X-ray indicates diminished atelectasis, with aerated left upper lobe, and continued left lower lobe atelectasis/pleural effusion. Patient upper extremities indicate both hands swelling, while h er lower extremities reveal legs swelling, with unsteady balance/gait, and she has slightly impaired vision. Her activity/exercise pattern entails use of assistance device, wheelchair, and she needs total help with ADL's and meals. She also has a foley, which is incontinent of bowel, thus she needs assistance to transfer from bed to chair. She has all meals served to her with 1:1 feed approach. The patient also has impaired skin integrity, physical immobilization, as evidenced by destruction of skin layers, as well as being on coccyx area. Her cognitive/perceptual pattern reveals impaired self awareness due to frontal lobe injuries which may result in emotional and behavior variables. The patient short term memory assessment indicates that she remembers few things but has lost short term memory overall. Her long-term memory reveals that she recalled some events from the past. The patient has limited knowledge of her current situation. The patient experiences depression, which can be attributed to cognitive deficits, fatigue and difficulty with managing her eating frustration. She is alert to people around her, even her speech is clear. Moreover, the patient experiences imperfect controls of her impulses; hence, she feels tired all the time and sleeps all day and all night. Her impulsivity has led to social isolation from some of her immediate family members and friends. Her coping and stress tolerance has been aided by good friends, and her five children who come to visit her when they can. Health Management Patient perception of overall health reveals that she is good, and even though she has limited knowledge of her current situation, she understands her health care needs and she is going to be discharged to JML She is adaptive in terms of coping and stress tolerance through prayers, support from family. However, she is maladaptive since she has no effort to get better. Patient has also learned to accept physical changes related to her age. Patient status of values and beliefs patterns is based on her Catholicism, and she values respect as the key for a good relationship. Teaching and Learning Theory Behaviorism learning theory is based on the proposal that behavior can be explored scientifically devoid of recourse to the learner’s internal mental states (Nielsen, 2009). Thus, it is a structure of materialism, with no independent connotation for mind. The Behaviorist

Free Essay: Analysis of Sonnet 64 :: Sonnet essays

Analysis of Sonnet 64 When I have seen by Time's fell hand defac'd The rich proud cost of outworn buried age; When sometime lofty towers I see down raz'd, And brass eternal slave to mortal rage; When I have seen the hungry ocean gain Advantage on the kingdom of the shore, And the firm soil win of the watery main, Increasing store with loss and loss with store: When I have seen such interchange of state, Or state itself confounded to decay, Ruin hath tought me thus to ruminate- That Time will come and take my love away. This thought is as a death, which cannot choose But weep to have that which it fears to lose. As A. Kent Hieatt did a great job in citing certain similarities in Sonnets to Spencer's Ruines of Rome: by Bellay, I was surprised enough not to dfind any parallels on sonnet 64 to that of Ruines of Rome. This sonnet delivers, moreso, the theme of Rome succumbing to time rather than textual correlations. I will provide a quatrain by quatrain explicaton that cites certain allusions to Spencer's text. In the first quatrain, time has destroyed Rome, the "buried age," having lived too long ("outworn") as a prosperous civilization. The "lofty towers" being "raz'd" echoes Rome being "Heapt hils on hils, to scale the starrie sky"; the first "hils" in Spencer refers to the Roman civilization and the physical buildings, whereas the latter "hils" refers to the mountains on which Rome was built. Thus, being "raz'd" are all of the monuments of Rome that are subject to mutability. Ambiguity in the second quatrain allows for two readings following the Roman theme. First, the "hungry ocean" is the sea itself which gains on Rome, "the kingdom of the shore," but if the ocean is rising against Rome, it is incongruous to say that the "firm soil" defeats the "watery main." A more appropriate alternate reading still refers to Rome as "the kingdom of the shore," but the "hungry ocean" refers to other civilizations that have tried to conquer Rome yet failed. 5-7: 'When I have seen usurping nations hostily advance towards Rome, and then steadfast Rome defeat the opposing navy,'. This latter reading more supports line 8, in which Rome 'increases [its] wealth through the gains of (Rome's) conquests [thus, "with loss"], and yet at the same time increases [its] loss "with store," (that is, time's store [of time])'.

Mrs. Beth Namara

Encouraging an individual to communicate their needs, preferences and personal beliefs affecting their personal care is very important in health and social care. As care workers we have to always consider people’s preferences even if it is not what we would like as individuals. There may be cultural considerations that I might need to think about as a person but this does not stop me from encouraging an individual to communicate what they want.When I realize that the service user is not able to communicate their needs, preferences and personal beliefs with ease, I am always patient and give them more time or use other methods of communication to find out. (58. 1. 1) As a care worker it is my responsibility to promote effective communication at work by being able to understand both verbal and non verbal messages the service users use. I know how to communicate well with the service users and to listen to their needs attentively in order to understand the message they put forwar d for me.For example I maintain eye contact all the time with the person I am talking to, listen carefully, use my body gestures to show them that I am listening and interested in what they are telling me. This gives them the assurance that I am listening to what they are telling me and I respect what they are telling me. (58. 1. 1) Sometimes I ask the family, friends or previous care workers for advice or seek for information about their needs, preferences and personal beliefs. For instance some service users prefer a bath to a shower or a strip wash, I have to respect that even If I feel that it is more practical to have a shower than a bath.Some service users prefer to have a bath three times a week I respect their choice and do exactly what pleases them as long as it is what they want and it is their choice. I avoid imposing my own views on them even if their choices conflict with what I feel is right. (58. 1. 1) Some service users have their religious beliefs or cultural needs regarding their personal care , It is my responsibility to always find out about these beliefs and respect them to avoid offending the service users I support and their family without intending to do so.There are some service users who prefer care workers to be of the same gender as them. For example there is a female service user who does not accept male carer workers in her house. This is respected by the company I work for and every service provided to her has to be a female because that is what she prefers (58. 1. 1) In conclusion , by listening to what the service users want or prefer , following their choices or getting information and advice from their family and friends is very important in health and social. By doing this, the service users will be satisfied with the level of the care they receive.In order to be able to provide support for personal care safely, care workers have to know how to help the individuals understand the reasons for hygiene and safety precautions. S ource of support in personal care can influence people’s habits and values, for instance some service users bathe or shower daily while for others it is twice a week or once. People’s attitudes to the care of their teeth, hair, nails, shaving also differs and it my duty as a care worker to explain to them the reasons for hygiene and safety precautions. (58. 2.1) Service users who usually have little contact with the public are not so much into grooming themselves like those who keep going out to mix with others. Those who stay home most of the time are usually less motivated to pay attention to personal hygiene. For example one of the service users I support is disabled but very active, he is involved in many charity organisations and loves going out to socialize at different events. He pays too much attention to his hair, teeth, nails and shaving so that he can look his best all the time.When ever I am doing his personal care I do everything according to his choice as longer as it is in line with the safety and hygiene policy of health and social care. As a care worker it is my responsibility to promote healthy and safe practice in relation to hygiene rather than imposing my own standards to service users I support daily. (58. 2. 1) I do make sure that the skin of an individual is washed and kept clean because any breaks to it leads to a risk of infections entering the body.I know very well that the outer layer of the skin is constantly being renewed, the shed cells are replaced with new cells. The skin also produces sweat and sebaceous glands that produce sweat and other oily substances that maintains the water proofing of the skin. If I do not take good care of it the dried sweat, dead skin and sebum can build up and be a breeding area of a range of bacteria or leading to bad smell which can be unpleasant. (58. 2. 1) I always make sure that the teeth of the service users are cleaned at least twice a day so that food particles can be  removed .If the teeth are not cleaned properly this can lead to mouth infection, tooth decay and gum disease caused by the decomposed food particles. It is my responsibility as a care worker to support the individual to understand the reason for keeping their teeth clean or oral care hygiene. (58. 2. 1) I do make sure their hair is washed and dried properly, most of the people I support are aged and their hair is dry and more brittle. I use mild shampoo with conditioner mostly to wash the hair then rinse it well and dry it.Some prefer their hair to be dried with the hand drier and others demand that I use the towel to dry it. Some service users get hair care services from hair dressers and it is my responsibility to ring and book for them hair appointments. (58. 2. 1) When I am doing hair care, i check for head lice which can be easily spread between people who have close head to head contact. Well conditioned hair makes it more difficult for the eggs to latch on to the hair. In conclusion, personal hygiene is not only about preventing the spread of infection, it also improves the way people feel about themselves.Service users usually feel better when I give them a bath or a shower, washed hair and cleaned boost their self esteem. The feedback I get from them shows that they really feel good after a nice bath, creaming, hair care, oral care and clean clothing. As a care worker it is my duty to promote and demonstrate good hygiene practices and be positive role models. Some service users I support need to be sensitively reminded and educated about hygiene and I do that when I see it is necessary the person has no idea about the importance of hygiene. (58. 2. 1)It is very important that I use protective equipments, protective clothing and hygiene techniques all the time when I am doing personal care in order to minimize the risk of infection. Germs can spread very easily from one person to another especially if they get onto clothes, hair, beddings and other materials. Therefore, it is my responsibility to limit the spread of infection by making sure I use correct precautions such as washing and protective equipment, gloves and aprons when supporting people with personal care to reduce the spread of infection.Most of the service users I support are aware of these universal precautions that they are in place to protect them and everyone involved from infections. I also apply hand gel to clean my hands and rinse my hands when I remove gloves and put them in the correct bin provided according to waste disposal policy. (58. 2. 2) I use protective equipments all the time when dealing with bodily fluids, clinical wastes or hazardous substances . Then after I dispose all used personal protective clothing either in the bag supplied by health services or in a plastic bag which I tie up and place in the main bin.I also make sure that I put the dirty laundry such as soiled bedding or clothes in the correct laundry bag provided to use. I avoid putting the dir ty laundry or the soiled linen on the floor because the soiled linen can spread infection. More to that , I always use people’s own toiletries when helping them with personal care, I do this mostly when I am supporting some one in a communal or a sheltered home. Germs can harbor in creams, make up, combs, hair bands, hats, hair nets and can easily spread from person to person if shared.Sharing toiletries and equipments among so many people also compromises a person’s individuality. As a care worker my own hygiene has also to be of high standard, I make sure I wear clean clothes each day which have been washed and ironed properly. After worker I change into a clean wear to go in home and this helps to reduce the spread of infections. Each day work clothes are washed separately from other clothes in the house, I use a hot wash and conditioner to kill all the germs and bacteria. (58. 2. 2)Reporting concerns about the safety and hygiene of equipments or facilities used for personal care to the manager or any body else concerned is very important not only for the safety of the service user but for the carer and others people involved. (58. 2. 3) Facilities and equipments used for personal care have to be in good working order, safe and clean to use otherwise, there can be accidents. As a care worker I also have a responsibility under health and safety law to ensure the safety of all people using the premises, I have to be observant so that I do not put anyone at risk of danger or harm.I have to make sure that equipments are checked regularly and all electrical equipments are tested and confirmed to be safe. As a care worker I have to be familiar with the correct working of equipment, such as the hoist, the chair lift, the electric bath chair and others because this will help me to know when things are not right. (58. 2. 3) I do make sure that I check every equipment before use and I do not use anything that might cause harm. If I check and notice that the equipment is faulty, I take them out of use make report and record the faulty as my employer’s policy or social and health care policy requires me to do.I know very well that dripping taps can be a hazard and if hot water drips from a tap while a person is bathing the service user can suffer serious burns. I also report other concerns like those of sharp edges on bath seats which can cause skin tears not only to the service user but to the carer and other people. (58. 2. 3) I do also report Items such as dirty or unhygienic bath mat, commodes, bath hoists, electric bath chairs and other unclean items that can easily spread infections to my manager or any other appropriate person.For the dirty bath tub, I do make sure that I scrub it with the cleaning materials before using it, this reduces the level of infection and makes the bathing place clean and pleasant to use. During the induction, I was told the benefit of reporting any concern about the safety and hygiene of equi pments or facilities, If I do not report it, that means I will be answerable in case of any thing, therefore, in order for me to cover my back in case of anything happens, I have to make sure I report to my manager or supervisor about any concern. (58. 2. 3)Control and exposure to hazardous waste is taken seriously in health and social care, this is about protecting the carer workers, the service users and others against hazardous substances such as the bleach, incontinence materials and other body wastes. COSHH is an abbreviation for Control of substances Hazardous to Health, the dangers of using such substances can be skin irritation, nose and throat irritation, allergic reactions and inhalation. (58. 2. 5) Waste materials I encounter during my daily care job include urine, feaces, incontinence pads, catheter and stoma bags, sanitary items, sputum, vomit and blood.During the induction it was clearly explained to me and other carer workers who attended that such body wastes should not pose any risk therefore, it should be wrapped properly, ensure that it is free from any excess liquid and disposed off properly. (58. 2. 5) All waste materials have to be handled with care because there are risks involved such as contracting gastrointestinal infections resulting in diarrhea and vomiting.The policy also emphasizes that all care workers  should know that it is important to safely dispose the waste because other people have to deal with it after it is disposed. Therefore, it is my duty as a care worker to make sure all the waste is wrapped and disposed in a bag or container provided. According to my work place policy, bags containing wastes should not be overfilled as these can be a risk to moving and handling as well as splitting open and contamination. Therefore, I always make sure the waste bags are filled up to the right and recommended level then tie them properly and make them ready for disposal.Keeping people safe is my priority as a care worker , liquid w astes such as urine, feaces, vomit and blood I dispose them in any normal sewage system, Incontinence pads, sanitary items, wound dressings, used gloves and aprons I dispose them in the yellow bag, soiled foul linen in the red bag which has inner dissolvable liner. I put the linen in the white bag which is usually provided for it, dispose house hold waste in the black bag and the sharp equipments such as needled and pins in the yellow sharps box.I make sure before I handle any wastes, I wear my apron, gloves and after I wash my hands properly. (58. 2. 5) Supporting individuals to make themselves clean and tidy after using toilet facilities is my responsibility as a care worker. After assisting service users to use toilet facilities, I have to make sure that, I support them to cleanse thoroughly to prevent them from becoming sore. I know very well, if the traces of feaces and urine are not cleaned properly can cause soreness and infections.I always make sure that there is enough toil et paper and wipe the service user from front to back, this is referred to as the correct way because it prevents traces of feaces being drawn towards the vagina and urethra which can cause infections. (58. 3. 2) There are individuals who always ask for running water to cleanse themselves after using the toilet this is either their culture or it is according to their religious faith. This is very common with service users who are Muslims by faith or have a culture of washing themselves after toileting rather than using toilet tissue.When the bidet facilities are not available, I provide them with water in small buckets or big bottles to wash themselves after using the toilet. Some of the service users I support prefer using moist baby wipes or toilet tissues after suing the toilet. (58. 3. 2) Most of the female service users use feminine wipes because they are soft, gentle and non irritant to clean their genitals after using the toilet. I always make sure a hand washing liquid is re adily available and I encourage the service users to use it to wash their hands properly.Some of my service users do not like to wash their hands after using the toilet, in this case I do remind them about the importance of washing hands. It is my responsibility to ensure that soap and hand washing liquid is provided at all the sinks in the house to make it easy for the service users to wash thoroughly, then a hand towel is provided for drying the wet hands. In conclusion, it my duty as a care worker to support individuals to make themselves clean and tidy after using toilet facilities. (58. 3. 2)Whenever, I enter service user’s home, after checking if the individual is ok, I check the room temperature to make sure it is ok for the person I am going to support. Sometimes I do ask them if the temperature is the right one or there is need to regulate it. This depends on what they want at that time, I usually do this in winter season or when the weather is too cold for the indiv idual. I also make sure the area where personal care is going to take place is warm and free from draughts. First, I close the windows then after prepare and make sure the heating is on to warm the room.  (58. 4. 1)After a bath or a wash most service users feel cold , therefore, it is my duty to make sure that I keep their bodies warm. I usually spread their towels and clothes on the sides of the radiator to take the chill off and make sure they are not too hot. I also ensure that the spread clothes are just on the sides and do not block the warm air flow from the radiator into the room. When ever I am running baths, I run the cold water first and then the hot water last, the reason why I do this is because hot water can cause serious burns or scalds to service users.I was warned by my manager to be careful when running hot water in the bath because a number of burns accidents or scalds in the health and social care sector have been reported to the health and safety Executives. (5 8. 4. 1) The hand book about guidelines on safe water temperatures were handed to all the care workers who attended the induction with me. The people I support are vulnerable and more at risk of burns, some of them have dementia, others are old with health problems like diabetes. All those mentioned may not be able to judge or control the water temperatures on their own.Most of the people I support have limited mobility and cannot be able to get out of the bath quickly if the water is to hot, therefore it is my duty to always do risk assessment before taking anyone for a bath and take measures to reduce the risks. I make sure the water is at an appropriate temperature, for the bath it has to be 44 °C, for the shower it has to be 41 °C, for the wash basin it has to be 41 °C and 38 °C for a bidet. Thermometers are provided for the care workers to check the water temperature, it is my duty to report the water that is not within the recommended temperatures.It is also my respons ibility not to leave the tap running because this does not only waste water but can also cause scalds. Service users do not only need support in baths but also in oral care to prevent tooth decay and other dental problems. (58. 4. 1) As a care workers, It is my responsibility to encourage and support service users to manage their own personal care so that they are independent as much as possible. Supporting personal hygiene activities in ways that maintain comfort, respect, dignity and promoting active participation is very important in health and social care.It is my responsibility to find out how much a service user can do independently, I usually get this information from their care plan , family or friends and by being observant as individuals’ condition and needs keep changing. (58. 5. 1) I encourage service users to participate actively and help them by giving the right level of support. For example, those who can manage to clean themselves after toileting I let them do it independently and some who are not able to, I give them the required support while maintaining respect and dignity.I avoid giving less support to those who need it because this leads to individuals feeling neglected or not supported. I know very well it is also not good to give too much support that is not required because this takes away individuals independence. I make sure whatever I do for the service user shows respect and dignity, I avoid taking over their independence because this shows disrespect or devaluing an individual. (58. 5. 1) I make sure that I offer the service users the opportunity to use toilet facilities before they wash, bathe or get a shower, this helps in minimizing unnecessary hustle or pain that can be caused by movements.I ensure that individuals, who are experiencing pain, do not move unnecessarily and the prescribed pain killers are given to them before the shower, bath or any wash. By doing this I am maintaining comfort, showing maximum respect and dignity. (58. 5. 1) I always make sure that the area where the personal hygiene is going to take place is private, I get all the required materials to use ready before hand, offer the service users a choice to decide on their own what they prefer, either a bath or a shower and I respect their cultural and religious beliefs.When it comes to toileting I always ask them to find out which kind of toiletries they like to use, I ensure all the equipments for use are safe and in good order. I do find out how much the service user can do independently, make sure the person knows how to call for help in case they need it and I do not rush them. Last but not least I give them maximum respect and dignity which is very important because this makes them feel secure, loved and cared for properly. Some times an occupational therapist can be needed to offer the service user advice on how to use some equipments and how they can manage independently.  (58. 5. 1)Most of the individuals I support liv e in their own homes and some are in sheltered accommodation but in separate apartments. After doing laundry work, I sort clothes properly, put all the clean ones neatly on hangers and in drawers. I always make sure that service users’ hair combs and brushes are kept clean after use, sometimes I encourage service users to remove any hair in them as a way of killing boredom.For example last week I used the following sentences to encourage Mrs. T to clean her hair equipments â€Å"It seems your combs needs your attention Mrs.  T, can you have a look† she laughed so loud and immediately started to remove the hair and dust from them. (58. 5. 2) I do make sure that all the old creams and make up are discarded because they can harbor germs and cause infections. Some of the service users do no like throwing away their stuff, therefore in this case i use persuasive words such as â€Å"Mrs. J, don’t you think this old cream or make up will cause an irritation on your skin, it is not advisable to use any cream if it is expired†.I always make sure that I hand a tissue to the service user to use and remind them that make up can create stains on clothes which can be difficult to remove or wash clean. For example, Ms. L was putting nail vanish on her finger nails, I gave her a napkin to protect her skirt from the vanish spills, at first she did not want to use it, but I said to her with a smile that â€Å"Ms L, let me hope you this skirt will not be in the bin on Friday†. She asked me, why? I replied to her, I do not this vanish we will be able to remove this vanish from this fabric once it spills there.She immediately asked for the napkin to protect her beautiful skirt from the vanish stains. (58. 5. 2) I do make sure individuals I support use clean razors which are in working order and foils of electric and safety razors used for wet shaves are clean and not blunt. Some service users have a tendency of not discarding their razors even if they are blunt, in this case I use my persuasive communication language to help me sensitize them about the dangers of using such gadgets.For instance Mr.  G had an attachment to his Phillips old shaving razor despite of the fact that it was blunt and not working properly, I said to him in a calm and polite way that his razor was responsible for his blisters that come up after every shave. He defended his razor and suggested changing the after shave, I made it clear to him that his idea will not solve the problem unless the new razor was bought. I gave him the names of places like Argos where he can get the same razor on sale and cheap, he listened to my advice and replaced the old one. (58. 5.2) I encourage individuals who prefer doing their personal care independently to keep their combs, shaving razors, make up, creams and clothes in their respective places because this makes their rooms to look neat and organized. By giving them praises such as well done Ms. L your bathroom and bed room look very beautiful today and everything is in order, such statements motivate them. For those who cannot tidy their rooms or bathrooms, it is my responsibility to do it for them the way they like them to be. Some Individuals like their personal care items to be near them all the time or on the table next to their chair.If it is their choice I do respect it as longer as they are safe and will not be harmed by any item. (58. 5. 2) During the training and the induction as care workers we were trained to tell what is normal for an individual and what is not, this helps in preventing discomfort or any serious health problem happening. Because of individuality, what is normal to Mr. J can be abnormal to Mrs. M and it is always my duty to notice and note any changes or concerns and report immediately. Since my work involves providing daily support to service users, I can easily tell if there is even any slight change in some oneshealth. (58. 6. 2) For instance I know the nor mal urine has to be clear and straw coloured, however it usually stronger in the morning and appears more yellowish or orange. I understand very well that passing urine should be pain less and normal, if I observe that the individual is finding it difficult, I report to the manager immediately. If I realize the individual’s urine is cloudy and smells fishy, this is a sign that the individual has an infection. I report this immediately to the manager and write it down in the log sheet.Sometimes I do contact the individual’s doctor to book an appointment for the service user to be examined. For example some months ago I noticed that Mr. D’s colour of urine had traces of blood, I informed my manger who told me to ring the service user’s GP and book a medical appointment for him. Later on it was found out that he had the infection in his urethra which was treated and his urine colour is normal now. (58. 6. 2) I always record any abnormal urine colour in the l og sheet and report to my manager or the supervisor the concerns immediately.I make sure the service user is informed of any abnormality or changes in their urine and for those who are independent I always keep reminding them to check the colour of their urine and inform me if they have any concerns. As with urine, what is normal feaces with one service user may be abnormal for another, therefore, it very important that i keep an eye on the colour and texture of their feaces. If I observe that the feaces of the service user are dry that means they are constipated, then I have to encourage them to take fluids and to eat plenty of fruits and vegetables.During the food and nutrition course, we were trained that it is important to give service users a diet of food with enough fibre to prevent constipation. (58. 6. 2) Laxatives have been prescribed to some service users with constipation problem, I was advised to always record the food and drink taken by each service user. I usually ask the service how their stool nature is and if they are going toilet normally. Doctors have often been referring service users to dieticians so that they can recommend changes to their diets.Since most of the people I support are elderly, I have not been encountering women of child bearing age who need help with their menstruation periods. But still I do support ladies to keep themselves hygienically clean as women. I support them to wear panty liner or incontinence pads. to keep themselves clean. (58. 6. 2) Recording and reporting on an individual’s personal care in agreed ways is very important in health and social care. According to my work place, all care workers must record any personal care if necessary they can be asked to report what has been done as personal care .It is vey important to record accurately on any sort of support that I give service users and note down all the health changes that I notice. The organisation I work for provided each service user with a care plan and a log sheet. It is the log sheet where each and every task done daily has to be recorded down and the name of the carer signed against it.. (58. 6. 3) As a care work I have to make sure that the recorded information is accurate because there could be serious consequences as a result of poor record keeping.For example one service user declined a bath and I recorded it down, but when the social worker came to visit him, he complained that he has not been getting personal care. The recorded bit of information worked against him because I had put down all the excuses he was giving me to avoid a bath. When they read for him what was in the log sheet he remembered that he was the one who declined a bath but not me the care worker who did not do my duty properly. By recording all that information saved me so much or else I could have faced the disciplinary committee or expelled from work. (58. 6.  3)According to my work place policy all the recorded information has to be true, for instance there is a care worker who was suspended because of recording what he had not done. He recorded what was to be done on Friday in the log sheet on Wednesday, unfortunately the service user was rushed to the hospital on Thursday night by the ambulance. On Friday morning the carer did not turn up because he had to do his private business, the office was called by the family member of that service user to inform them that his door locked door was locked and is in the hospital the carer should not go in on Friday.When the social worker read the information in the service user’s log book was showing the carer was in the house Friday and found the service user ok which was not true. The manager was informed about the contradicting information in the log book then the care worker was called to the office to come and explain what exactly happened and found all the inaccurate information, it was considered to be fraud because the care worker wanted to earn money he had not worked for. Dishonesty is not allowed when recording information and he was warned after facing the disciplinary committee. (58. 6. 3)